Pakistan Journal of Geology (PJG)

Journal: Pakistan Journal of Geology (PJG)
Author: Haidar Salim Anan

This is an open access journal distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.26480/pjg.01.2025.57.61

Ten phylogenetic lineages were produced by gradualistic evolutionary trends which observed within many planktic and benthic foraminiferal genera or species throughout the Campanian to Recent forms in the Tethys. These trends are: 1) Praemurica inconstans (Subbotina) ˃ P. arabica Anan ˃ P. uncinata (Bolli). 2) Turborotalia cerroazulensis (Cole) ˃ T. semicunialensis Anan ˃ T. cunialensis (Toumarkine and Bolli), 3) Gaudryina arabica Anan ˃ G. salimi Anan, ˃ G. ameeri Anan, 4) Clavulina misrensis Anan, n. sp. ˃ C. pseudoparisensis Anan ˃ C. angularis d’Orbigny, 5) Annulofrondicularia bignoti Anan ˃ A. tunisica Anan ˃ A. annularis d’Orbigny, 6) Tristix liasina (Berthelin) ˃ T. aubertae Anan ˃ T. sztrakosae Anan, 7) Orthokarstenia higazyi (Nakkady) ˃ O. nakkadyi Anan ˃ O. eleganta (Plummer), 8) Bolivinoides miliaris Hiltermann and Koch ˃ B. draco (Marsson) ˃ B. aegyptiaca Anan, 9) Uvigerina jacksonensis Cushman ˃ Uvigerinita hispida (Schwager) ˃ Uvigerinatella peregrina (Cushman), 10) Ornatanomalina pakistanica Anan ˃ Ornatodella pustulosa (Haque) ˃ Saudella ornata Hasson. One of the recorded species is treated here as new: P. arabica and Clavulina misrensis. These lineages help, not only to define the major faunal changes at Cretaceous/Tertiary (K/T), Paleocene/Eocene (P/E), and Eocene/Miocene (E/M) boundaries, but also to emphasis the stratigraphic importance of them in different Tethyan localities.